Infrastructure ledger

A source-referenced ledger of four Nordic open-banking providers

The ledger compares Brite, Zimpler, Trumo and Trustly on criteria that can be checked against public records. It does not rank providers, and it does not publish performance figures that we cannot verify.

Last updated: 9 October 2026

Comparisons of payment providers often mix three kinds of information: regulatory facts that can be checked in a public register, statements made by the provider about itself, and performance claims whose method is not disclosed. This ledger keeps those categories apart. Regulatory and corporate facts are attributed to their source. Statements that come from a provider are labelled as such. Where a criterion cannot be answered from public information, the cell says so.

Providers are listed alphabetically. Inclusion does not imply endorsement, and the order carries no meaning.

How to read the ledger

  • Authorisation: status as stated by the provider or a named source. Always confirm in the register of the competent authority before contracting.
  • Infrastructure model: how the provider describes its network or payment construction, attributed to the cited source.
  • SCA execution: under PSD2, strong customer authentication for an initiated payment is applied by the payer's bank. This is a property of the regulation, not a differentiator between providers.
  • Processing latency: none of the four providers publishes an SLA we could verify. Latency depends on the payer's bank, the authentication approach and the settlement rail, and is measured per corridor during an audit.
  • API documentation: whether public developer documentation was located and reviewed at the date shown.

Facts verified against cited sources on: 9 October 2026

Criterion BriteZimplerTrumoTrustly
Entity / brand Brite AB (559116-1632)Zimpler (TrueLayer group)Trumo Finance OyTrustly (Stockholm)
Home market SwedenSwedenFinland (R&D in Tallinn)Sweden
Authorisation & supervisor Licensed payment institution supervised by Finansinspektionen (SE).Swedish licence (type: verify in the Finansinspektionen register). Parent TrueLayer: UK FCA, FRN 901096.Stated as regulated by FIN-FSA (Finanssivalvonta); licence type: verify in the FIN-FSA register.Licensed payment institution supervised by Finansinspektionen (EU/EEA); UK: Financial Conduct Authority.
Founded / launched 20192012Launch announced Oct 20242008 (as Glue Finance)
Infrastructure model Proprietary Instant Payments Network (IPN) for payments and payouts, including non-euro markets.Pay by Bank network focused on the Nordics; Swish rail integration cited at acquisition.Open-banking API framework optimized for Nordic corporate clearings.Account-to-account payments and payouts initiated from the payer's bank account; Europe, US, Canada, Australia.
SCA execution Applied by the payer's bank (ASPSP) under the PSD2 RTS; the method follows the bank interface (redirect, decoupled or embedded).Applied by the payer's bank (ASPSP) under the PSD2 RTS; the method follows the bank interface (redirect, decoupled or embedded).Applied by the payer's bank (ASPSP) under the PSD2 RTS; the method follows the bank interface (redirect, decoupled or embedded).Applied by the payer's bank (ASPSP) under the PSD2 RTS; the method follows the bank interface (redirect, decoupled or embedded).
Processing latency No verified public SLA. Measured per corridor during a technical audit.No verified public SLA. Measured per corridor during a technical audit.No verified public SLA. Measured per corridor during a technical audit.No verified public SLA. Measured per corridor during a technical audit.
API documentation Public developer documentation at docs.britepayments.com.Not reviewed by Veridexaa at publication.Not reviewed by Veridexaa at publication.Not reviewed by Veridexaa at publication.
Corporate & regulatory record IPN announced May 2023.Acquisition by TrueLayer announced 22 Oct 2025; completion announced 3 Mar 2026 after Finansinspektionen approval.Public launch of instant open-banking payments announced 30 Oct 2024 (Helsinki).Acquisitions: PayWithMyBank (2019), Ecospend (2022), SlimPay (2023). Feb 2022: Finansinspektionen warning and SEK 130 million fine (AML).
Request Technical Audit →Request Technical Audit →Request Technical Audit →Request Technical Audit →

Brite

Entity / brand
Brite AB (559116-1632)
Home market
Sweden
Authorisation & supervisor
Licensed payment institution supervised by Finansinspektionen (SE).
Founded / launched
2019
Infrastructure model
Proprietary Instant Payments Network (IPN) for payments and payouts, including non-euro markets.
SCA execution
Applied by the payer's bank (ASPSP) under the PSD2 RTS; the method follows the bank interface (redirect, decoupled or embedded).
Processing latency
No verified public SLA. Measured per corridor during a technical audit.
API documentation
Public developer documentation at docs.britepayments.com.
Corporate & regulatory record
IPN announced May 2023.
Request Technical Audit →

Zimpler

Entity / brand
Zimpler (TrueLayer group)
Home market
Sweden
Authorisation & supervisor
Swedish licence (type: verify in the Finansinspektionen register). Parent TrueLayer: UK FCA, FRN 901096.
Founded / launched
2012
Infrastructure model
Pay by Bank network focused on the Nordics; Swish rail integration cited at acquisition.
SCA execution
Applied by the payer's bank (ASPSP) under the PSD2 RTS; the method follows the bank interface (redirect, decoupled or embedded).
Processing latency
No verified public SLA. Measured per corridor during a technical audit.
API documentation
Not reviewed by Veridexaa at publication.
Corporate & regulatory record
Acquisition by TrueLayer announced 22 Oct 2025; completion announced 3 Mar 2026 after Finansinspektionen approval.
Request Technical Audit →

Trumo

Entity / brand
Trumo Finance Oy
Home market
Finland (R&D in Tallinn)
Authorisation & supervisor
Stated as regulated by FIN-FSA (Finanssivalvonta); licence type: verify in the FIN-FSA register.
Founded / launched
Launch announced Oct 2024
Infrastructure model
Open-banking API framework optimized for Nordic corporate clearings.
SCA execution
Applied by the payer's bank (ASPSP) under the PSD2 RTS; the method follows the bank interface (redirect, decoupled or embedded).
Processing latency
No verified public SLA. Measured per corridor during a technical audit.
API documentation
Not reviewed by Veridexaa at publication.
Corporate & regulatory record
Public launch of instant open-banking payments announced 30 Oct 2024 (Helsinki).
Request Technical Audit →

Trustly

Entity / brand
Trustly (Stockholm)
Home market
Sweden
Authorisation & supervisor
Licensed payment institution supervised by Finansinspektionen (EU/EEA); UK: Financial Conduct Authority.
Founded / launched
2008 (as Glue Finance)
Infrastructure model
Account-to-account payments and payouts initiated from the payer's bank account; Europe, US, Canada, Australia.
SCA execution
Applied by the payer's bank (ASPSP) under the PSD2 RTS; the method follows the bank interface (redirect, decoupled or embedded).
Processing latency
No verified public SLA. Measured per corridor during a technical audit.
API documentation
Not reviewed by Veridexaa at publication.
Corporate & regulatory record
Acquisitions: PayWithMyBank (2019), Ecospend (2022), SlimPay (2023). Feb 2022: Finansinspektionen warning and SEK 130 million fine (AML).
Request Technical Audit →
Sources: Brite
  • britepayments.com/support (licence statement, corporate identity number)
  • IBS Intelligence, 22 May 2023: Brite Payments launches its proprietary instant payments network
Sources: Zimpler
  • TrueLayer announcement, 3 March 2026: TrueLayer completes acquisition of Zimpler following regulatory approval
  • Pulse 2.0, October 2025: TrueLayer to buy Pay by Bank network Zimpler
Sources: Trumo
  • iGaming Business company news, 30 October 2024: Trumo launches instant open banking payments (company-supplied release)
Sources: Trustly
  • Wikipedia: Trustly (company history, supervision, acquisitions, 2022 Finansinspektionen sanction)
  • Crowdfund Insider, June 2022: Trustly acquires Ecospend

Disclosure: this ledger contains no affiliate links or referral tracking. Veridexaa Analytics does not accept payment from the providers listed for inclusion or placement.

If you represent one of the providers and a field is inaccurate or out of date, please submit a correction with a public source through the inquiry form. Content is published for technical information only and does not constitute legal, financial or investment advice.

Need corridor-level measurements rather than public facts?

A technical audit measures authentication approach, completion and settlement timing for the banks and markets that matter to your organisation.

Request Technical Audit →

Privacy Policy

Last updated: 9 October 2026

This policy explains how personal data is processed when you visit veridexaa.com or correspond with Veridexaa Analytics. It is issued under Articles 13 and 14 of the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679.

1. Controller

The controller is Veridexaa Analytics Group, which operates Veridexaa Analytics as an independent analytical publication at Linnoitustie 6–9, 02600 Espoo, Finland. Privacy and data protection matters: privacy@veridexaa.com.

2. Scope

This policy covers the website veridexaa.com in all language editions and email correspondence sent to any veridexaa.com address. It does not cover third-party websites or services referred to in our content.

3. Legal framework

Processing is governed by the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (GDPR) and the Finnish Data Protection Act (1050/2018). Storage of information on your device is governed by the Finnish Act on Electronic Communications Services (917/2014), which implements Article 5(3) of Directive 2002/58/EC.

4. Data we process

Correspondence data: the name, organisation, role, email address and message content that you choose to send us by email, including messages prepared with the inquiry form. Technical data: IP address, date and time, requested address, referring page and browser user agent, recorded in server logs by our hosting provider. Consent record: your cookie choice and the time it was made, stored only in your own browser's local storage and not transmitted to us. The inquiry form does not send data to this website; it opens your own email client with a pre-filled message.

5. Purposes and legal bases

Answering inquiries and technical audit requests: legitimate interests (Art. 6(1)(f)) in responding to correspondence, or steps taken at your request before entering into a contract (Art. 6(1)(b)). Operating and securing the website through server logs: legitimate interests (Art. 6(1)(f)) in availability and security. Remembering your consent choice: compliance with a legal obligation (Art. 6(1)(c) together with Art. 7(1)). Optional analytics, if enabled in future: your consent (Art. 6(1)(a)). Accounting records for any contracted work: legal obligation (Art. 6(1)(c)) under the Finnish Accounting Act (1336/1997).

6. Sources of data

Correspondence data is received directly from you. Technical data is generated automatically when your browser requests pages from our server. We do not buy personal data or enrich it from third-party sources.

7. Recipients and processors

Personal data is disclosed only to service providers that process it on our behalf under agreements meeting Article 28 GDPR, namely our hosting provider and our email service provider. Fonts are delivered by Google Fonts (Google Ireland Limited), which receives your IP address when the font files are requested. We do not sell personal data. Data may be disclosed to authorities where we are legally required to do so.

8. International transfers

We aim to process personal data within the European Economic Area. Where a processor transfers data outside the EEA, the transfer relies on an adequacy decision of the European Commission, including the EU-US Data Privacy Framework for certified recipients, or on standard contractual clauses under Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/914, together with an assessment of the transfer.

9. Retention

Correspondence is retained for up to 24 months after the last exchange, unless it becomes part of a contract, in which case it is retained for the duration of the contract and the applicable limitation period. Server logs are retained according to the hosting provider's configuration and are not used for profiling. Accounting records are retained for the periods required by the Finnish Accounting Act. The consent record remains in your browser until you clear it or change your choice.

10. Your rights

You have the right of access (Art. 15), rectification (Art. 16), erasure (Art. 17), restriction of processing (Art. 18), data portability (Art. 20) and objection to processing based on legitimate interests (Art. 21). Where processing is based on consent, you may withdraw consent at any time without affecting the lawfulness of processing before withdrawal.

11. How to exercise your rights

Send your request to privacy@veridexaa.com. We respond within one month of receipt; this period may be extended by two further months for complex or numerous requests, in which case we will inform you within the first month (Art. 12(3)). We may ask for information needed to confirm your identity.

12. Security

The website is served exclusively over encrypted HTTPS connections. Access to correspondence is restricted to the personnel who handle it. The website itself does not store form submissions, and we apply data minimisation to the information we request.

13. Personal data breaches

If a personal data breach occurs, we notify the supervisory authority within 72 hours of becoming aware of it where required by Article 33, and inform affected individuals without undue delay where the breach is likely to result in a high risk to their rights and freedoms (Art. 34).

14. Automated decision-making

We do not make decisions based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produce legal or similarly significant effects (Art. 22).

15. Children

The website is a business-to-business publication and is not directed at children. We do not knowingly process personal data of children.

16. Obligation to provide data

You are not obliged to provide personal data. Without contact details we cannot reply to an inquiry.

17. Supervisory authority

You may lodge a complaint with the Office of the Data Protection Ombudsman in Finland (www.tietosuoja.fi) or with the supervisory authority of your habitual residence or place of work in the EU or EEA.

18. Changes and contact

We update this policy when our processing changes; the date of the current version is shown above. Questions: privacy@veridexaa.com, Veridexaa Analytics Group, Linnoitustie 6–9, 02600 Espoo, Finland.

Terms of Service

Last updated: 9 October 2026

These terms govern the use of veridexaa.com. By using the website you accept them.

1. Operator

The website is operated by Veridexaa Analytics Group as an independent analytical publication, Linnoitustie 6–9, 02600 Espoo, Finland. Legal matters: legal@veridexaa.com.

2. Service

Veridexaa Analytics publishes research, regulatory analysis and source-referenced comparisons on open-banking payment infrastructure. Access to the published content is free of charge and does not require registration.

3. Information, not advice

Content is provided for general technical information. It does not constitute legal, financial, investment, tax or regulatory advice, and it is not a recommendation to use or avoid any provider. You should obtain professional advice before acting on any content.

4. Technical audit requests

Submitting an inquiry or audit request does not create a contract or a client relationship. Any engagement is subject to a separate written agreement that defines its scope, deliverables and terms, and is kept separate from editorial content.

5. Accuracy and corrections

We take care to attribute every statement to a source and to date each module. Regulation, provider status and market conditions change, and content may become outdated. Corrections supported by a public source can be submitted through the inquiry form.

6. Provider names and trademarks

Brite, Zimpler, Trumo, Trustly and other names are trademarks of their respective owners and are used only to identify those providers. Their mention does not imply affiliation with, endorsement by or sponsorship from them.

7. Acceptable use

You may not use the website in breach of law, attempt to gain unauthorised access to it, disrupt its operation, introduce malicious code, or collect content by automated means in a way that burdens the service. Reasonable indexing by search engines is permitted.

8. Intellectual property

Texts, tables, layouts and vector graphics on the website are protected by copyright and belong to the operator unless stated otherwise. You may quote short passages with clear attribution to Veridexaa Analytics and the page concerned. Other reproduction requires prior written permission.

9. References to third parties

Sources are cited as text references. We are not responsible for the content, availability or practices of third-party publications or services.

10. Availability

We aim to keep the website available but do not guarantee uninterrupted or error-free operation. We may modify, suspend or discontinue any part of the website.

11. Disclaimer

The website and its content are provided as is. To the extent permitted by law, we make no warranties as to completeness, accuracy or fitness for a particular purpose.

12. Limitation of liability

To the extent permitted by mandatory law, the operator is not liable for indirect or consequential loss, or for decisions made on the basis of the content. Nothing in these terms limits liability that cannot be limited under applicable law, including liability for intentional misconduct or gross negligence.

13. Privacy and cookies

Processing of personal data is described in the Privacy Policy, and use of local storage in the Cookie Settings. Both form part of these terms.

14. Changes

We may amend these terms. The version in force is the one published on the website, with its date shown above.

15. Governing law and jurisdiction

These terms are governed by the laws of Finland. Disputes are resolved by the competent courts of Finland, without prejudice to mandatory protections that may apply in your country of residence.

16. Severability and contact

If a provision is held invalid, the remaining provisions remain in force. Questions about these terms: legal@veridexaa.com.

Cookie Settings

Last updated: 9 October 2026

This section explains what the website stores on your device and lets you change your choice at any time.

1. What cookies and local storage are

Cookies are small files placed in your browser by a website. Local storage is a comparable browser mechanism that keeps data on your device. Both are covered by the same consent rules.

2. Strictly necessary storage

Key vx_consent_v1 in local storage: records your consent choice and the time it was made. It stays on your device until you clear it or change your choice, and it is not sent to our server. The website sets no cookies of its own by default.

3. Analytics

Off by default. At the time of the last update the website loads no analytics scripts. If analytics is added, it will be activated only after you enable it here, and the tool, its purpose and its retention will be listed in this section.

4. Marketing

The website uses no advertising or marketing cookies and no tracking pixels.

5. Third-party resources

Fonts are loaded from Google Fonts. When your browser requests the font files, Google receives your IP address and browser information. Google Fonts does not set cookies for this request.

6. Changing your choice

Use the Manage cookie preferences button below to reset your choice. The banner will reappear so you can choose again.

7. Browser controls

You can also delete stored data or block storage in your browser settings: Chrome (Settings, Privacy and security), Firefox (Settings, Privacy and Security), Safari (Settings, Privacy) and Edge (Settings, Cookies and site permissions).

8. Legal framework

Storage on your device is governed by the Finnish Act on Electronic Communications Services (917/2014), implementing Article 5(3) of Directive 2002/58/EC, and by the GDPR where personal data is involved.

9. Contact

Questions about storage and consent: privacy@veridexaa.com.